Teak, also known as Burmese teak or genuine teak (Tectona grandis), is a highly valued hardwood native to southern Asia, now grown widely across tropical regions on plantations. This remarkable tree reaches heights of 100-130 feet with a trunk diameter of 3-5 feet, and its wood is known for its golden to medium brown heartwood that darkens with age. Teak boasts a straight grain that can sometimes be wavy or interlocked, paired with a coarse, uneven texture and a moderate to low natural luster. One of its distinguishing features is the slightly oily or greasy feel of its raw surfaces, attributed to its natural oils.
Renowned for its exceptional decay resistance, teak is considered the gold standard among woods for its durability. It is very resistant to termites and decay but has only moderate resistance to marine borers and powder post beetles. Workability is another of teak's strengths, as it is generally easy to work with, despite the blunting effect its high silica content may have on cutting tools. Teak glues and finishes well, although pre-treatment with a solvent can be necessary to address its oily surface.
Despite being relatively rare in terms of severe reactions, teak has been reported to cause sensitivities, including eye, skin, and respiratory irritation among others. It remains one of the most expensive woods on the market, reflecting its desirability and the challenges associated with its cultivation and exportation, especially considering the recent sanctions placed on Myanmar's teak due to human rights concerns.
Teak is predominantly used in ship and boat building, veneer, furniture, exterior construction, carving, turnings, and other small wood objects. Its popularity is due to its stability, strength, workability, and especially its resistance to environmental elements, making it a top choice worldwide. While the term "teak" has been broadly applied to various woods to elevate their market appeal, Burmese teak refers specifically to Tectona grandis, underscoring its unmatched quality and authenticity in the timber industry.
